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While the Shogun Still Breathed ―― On the Fifth Day of the Seventh Month of Ansei 5 (1858), Ii Naosuke’s Disposition of Owari, Mito, and Echizen
Ii Naosuke entered the castle at his usual hour, and his departure that day extended to nine-half at night, 1 a.m. The reason was that the beriberi of the shogun Tokugawa Iesada had worsened. "The… -
The Shield of “I Beg Your Pardon” ―― On the Twenty-Third Day of the Sixth Month of Ansei 5, Tokugawa Yoshinobu Confronts Ii Naosuke
The twenty-second day of the sixth month of Ansei 5 (1858). A chief retainer of the Hitotsubashi house, having withdrawn from Edo Castle, returned to the residence and presented his lord with a… -
The Three Characters “Violation of the Imperial Command” ―― Tokugawa Nariaki’s Petition and Ii Naosuke’s Reply, Sixth Month of Ansei 5 (1858)
At the Mito domain residence in Edo, Tokugawa Nariaki was making corrections to an inquiry document. It was a reply. -
The Sealed Memorial of the Third Day of the Fifth Month ―― Kawaji Toshiakira’s Memorial on the Selection of an Heir and His Demotion Three Days Later
The third day of the fifth month of Ansei 5 (1858). It was submitted to the senior councilor Hotta Masayoshi. Kawaji had been prepared for this from the outset, Tokutomi Sohō surmises. -
Opening and closing Hakone ―― The strategy of Oguri Kōzuke no suke as recorded by Ninagawa Arata, and the sixty years that followed
It was in Keiō 4 (1868), after the fighting against the Shōgitai at Ueno had ended. -
Ii Naosuke Becomes Great Elder ―― From the Second Month of Ansei 5 to the Twelfth Month of Ansei 5
It was just past noon. A visitor came to the Ii residence. Yakushiji Motozane, head of foot soldiers. Onoda Koichirō, the guest reception officer, came out to receive him. He said he wished to report… -
The Person at Umoregi no ya Was Waiting ―― In the Fourth Month of Ansei 5 (1858), Hotta Masayoshi’s Return to Edo and Two Difficult Problems
There, an envoy of Matsudaira Yoshinaga, the leader of the Hitotsubashi faction, caught up with him. Tokutomi Sohō writes that Yoshinaga, unable to wait for Hotta's return to Edo, had deliberately… -
The Chancellor of the Spring Breeze ―― Abe Masahiro and the Forecast of the Eleventh Month of Kaei 5
The second day of the eleventh month of Kaei 5 (1852). At the Satsuma domain residence in Edo, Shimazu Nariakira took up his brush. The letter was addressed to his younger brother Hisamitsu, who was… -
Footsteps in an Empty Valley ―― In Kaei 6, the Daimyo’s Opinions on America and Takashima Kihei’s Argument for Opening the Country
The tenth month of Kaei 6 (1853). Takashima Kihei. He had once called himself Shirōdayū Shūhan, and was the man who introduced Western artillery techniques to Japan. -
The Character for Peace, Sealed Away ―― The Seventh Month of Kaei 6, and the Trump Card Named Tokugawa Nariaki
On the third day of the seventh month of Kaei 6 (1853), a notice came down to the Mito residence. Since there was business concerning coastal defense, he was to attend the castle roughly every other… -
The riverbed of the Karasu River, two swords ―― How Ninagawa Arata accused the death of Oguri Tadamasa
The first day of the fourth month of Keiō 4 (1868). Tōzenji, at the foot of Mount Haruna, in Gonda, Jōshū. About eight hundred troops from the three domains of Takasaki, Annaka, and Obata approached…
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